Kudala siyazi ukuba kukho iintlobo ezintathu zemiba: okuqinileyo, ulwelo kunye negesi.Iziko lobunzima beemolekyuli zolwelo licwangciswe ngaphandle kokuqhelekileyo, kodwa ukuba ezi molekyuli zinde (okanye zithe tyaba), ukuqhelaniswa kwazo kunokuba rhoqo. .Singakwazi ke ukwahlula imo yolwelo kwiifom ezininzi.I-Liquid engenakho ulwalathiso oluqhelekileyo lubizwa ngokuba lulwelo ngokuthe ngqo, ngelixa ulwelo olunesikhokelo solwalathiso lubizwa ngokuba yikristale yolwelo, okanye i-crystal elulwelo ngokufutshane. iifowuni, izixhobo zokubala ziyimveliso yekristale engamanzi.Iikristale zolwelo, ezafunyanwa ngo-1888 yingcali yezityalo yaseOstriya uReinitzer, ziikhompawundi zezinto eziphilayo ezinamalungiselelo aqhelekileyo emolekyuli phakathi kwezinto eziqinileyo kunye nolwelo. Ngokuqhelekileyo eyona morphology yolwelo esetyenziswa kakhulu yekristale yolwelo nematic, imilo yemolekyuli. kwibar ende, ububanzi malunga ne-1 nm ukuya kwi-10 nm, phantsi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo zombane zangoku, iimolekyuli zekristale zolwelo ziya kwenza ulungelelwaniso lwemithetho ejikelezisiweyo ye-90 degrees, imvelisoing umahluko wokudluliselwa kokukhanya, ngoko amandla ON / OFF phantsi komahluko phakathi kokukhanya kunye nomthunzi, ipixel nganye ngokomgaqo wolawulo, inokwenza umfanekiso.
Umgaqo wokuboniswa kwekristale yolwelo yikristale yolwelo phantsi kwesenzo sombane ohlukeneyo iya kuba kukukhanya kweempawu ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo.I-LCD kwifiziksi yohlulwe yangamacandelo amabini, enye yiPassive Passive (ekwabizwa ngokuba yiPassive), kwaye olu hlobo lweLCD ngokwalo alukhanyi, ludinga umthombo wokukhanya wangaphandle, ngokwendawo yomthombo wokukhanya, kwaye inokwahlulwa ibe yimbonakalo kunye nokukhanya. uthumelo uhlobo ezimbini iintlobo.I-LCD ye-Passive enexabiso eliphantsi, kodwa ukuqaqamba kunye nokuchasana akukukhulu, kodwa i-Angle esebenzayo incinci, ingaphantsi kombala we-Passive LCD wokuzaliswa kombala, ngoko ke umbala awuqaqambi ngokwaneleyo.Olunye uhlobo ngumthombo wamandla, ngakumbi i-TFT (Thin FilmTransitor).I-LCD nganye eneneni i-transistor inokuqaqamba, ngokungqongqo ayiyo-LCD.Isikrini se-LCD senziwe ngoluhlu oluninzi lwe-LCD, kumboniso we-LCD we-monochrome, ikristale elulwelo yipikseli, ngelixa kumbala wekristale yolwelo umboniso wepixel nganye inombala obomvu, oluhlaza kunye nobhlowu iiLCD ezintathu kunye.Kwangaxeshanye kunokucingelwa ukuba ngasemva kwe-LCD nganye irejista ye-8-bit, amaxabiso erejista amisela ukuqaqamba kweeyunithi ezintathu zeLCD ngokulandelelana, kodwa ixabiso lerejista aliqhubeli ngokuthe ngqo ukuqaqamba kweeseli ezintathu zekristale zolwelo. nge "palette" yokundwendwela. Akukho ngqiqweni ukuba nerejista ebonakalayo kwipikseli nganye.Enyanisweni, umqolo omnye kuphela weerejista zixhotyiswe, ezidityaniswe kumqolo ngamnye weepikseli ngokulandelelana kwaye zilayishe imixholo yaloo mqolo.
Iikristale zolwelo zijongeka kwaye ziziva ngathi lulwelo, kodwa ubume bemolekyuli bekristale buziphethe njengento eqinileyo.Njengesinyithi kwintsimi yemagnethi, xa iphantsi kwendawo yombane yangaphandle, iimolekyuli zenza ulungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo; , iimolekyuli zekristale elulwelo ziyakuvumela ukukhanya kudlule;Umendo wokukhanya ngekristale elulwelo unokumiselwa ngolungelelwaniso lweemolekyuli ezizenzayo, olunye uphawu lwezinto eziqinileyo. njengeemolekyuli.Ngokwendalo, amazembe amade ezi molekyuli zifana nentonga aphantse anxusene.Iziboniso zeLiquid Crystal (LCD) zineekristale zolwelo ekufuneka zigalelwe phakathi kweenqwelomoya ezimbini ezifakwe kwiindawo zokubeka ukuze zisebenze kakuhle. perpendicular omnye komnye (90 degrees), oko kukuthi, ukuba iimolekyuli kwinqwelomoya enye zilungelelaniswe emantla-emazantsi, iimolekyuli kwenye indiza zilungelelaniswe empuma-ntshona, kwaye iimolekyuli phakathiIinqwelomoya ezimbini zinyanzeliswa kwi-90-degree twist.Ngenxa yokuba ukukhanya kuhamba kwicala le-molecule, kuphinda kuguqulwe ngama-degrees angama-90 njengoko kudlula i-crystal crystal.Kodwa xa i-voltage isetyenziselwa i-crystal crystal, iimolekyuli zicwangcisa kwakhona. ngokuthe nkqo, ukuvumela ukukhanya ukuba kuhambe ngokuthe ngqo ngaphandle kwe-twisting.Inqaku lesibini le-LCDS kukuba bathembele kwiifilitha ze-polarizing kunye nokukhanya ngokwako.Ukukhanya kwendalo kuyahlukana ngokungenamkhethe kuwo onke amacala.Le migca yenza umnatha ovala konke ukukhanya okungahambelaniyo nale migca.Umgca wokuhluza owenziwe ngepolar uxhomekeke kulowo wokuqala, ngoko ke uvala ngokupheleleyo ukukhanya kwepolarized.Kuphela ukuba imigca yezihluzo ezimbini ihambelana ngokupheleleyo, okanye ukuba ukukhanya ngokwako kugqwethiweyo ukuze kutshatise icebo lokucoca elipholileyo lesibini, ngaba ukukhanya kungangena. .I-LCDS zenziwe ngezihluzo ezimbini ezibekwe ngokuthe nkqo, ngoko ke kufuneka zithintele nakuphi na ukukhanya okuzama ukungena.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba ezo zihluzo zimbini zizaliswe ngamakristale angamalwelo ajijekileyo, emva kokuba ukukhanya kudlule kwisihluzo sokuqala, sijijelwe ngamadigri angama-90. ngamamolekyuli ekristale yolwelo, kwaye ekugqibeleni idlula kwisihluzo sesibini. Ukuba, kwelinye icala, i-voltage yafakwa kwikristale yolwelo, iimolekyuli ziya kuzicwangcisa ngokutsha ngendlela yokuba ukukhanya kungabi sajijwa, iya kuvalelwa sisihluzo sesibini.I-Synaptics TDDI, umzekelo, idibanisa abalawuli be-touch kunye nokubonisa iidrive kwitshiphu enye, ukunciphisa inani lamalungu kunye nokwenza lula uyilo.The ClearPad 4291ixhasa i-hybrid multipoint inline design ethatha inzuzo yomaleko okhoyo kumboniso wekristale engamanzi (LCD), isusa imfuno yabenzi boluvo abacacileyo. I-architecture.Zombini izisombululo zenza izikrini ze-touch screen zibe zincinci kwaye zibonise ngakumbi, zinceda ekuphuculeni i-aesthetics jikelele ye-smartphone kunye ne-tablet designs.Ukubonisa i-TN (i-Twisted Nematic) ebonakalisiweyo yekristale ye-crystal display, isakhiwo sayo siqulathe uluhlu olulandelayo: i-polarized filter, iglasi, ezimbini. amaqela ee-electrode ezigqunyiweyo kunye nezingafihliyo, umzimba wekristale engamanzi, i-electrode, iglasi, isihluzo se-polarized kunye nokubonakalisa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-13-2019