Twari tuzi kuva kera ko hari ubwoko butatu bwibintu: bikomeye, amazi na gaze. Hagati ya misile ya molekile yamazi itunganijwe nta buryo busanzwe, ariko niba izo molekile ari ndende (cyangwa iringaniye), icyerekezo cyabo gishobora kuba gisanzwe .Turashobora noneho kugabanya ibintu byamazi muburyo bwinshi. Amazi adafite icyerekezo gisanzwe yitwa fluid mu buryo butaziguye, mugihe amazi afite icyerekezo yerekeza byitwa kristu y'amazi, cyangwa kirisiti ya kirisiti mugihe gito. Ibicuruzwa bya kirisiti y'amazi ntabwo bidasanzwe kuri twe, mobile yacu isanzwe terefone, calculatrice nibicuruzwa bya kirisiti byamazi. Kirisiti y'amazi yavumbuwe mu 1888 na botaniste wo muri Otirishiya Reinitzer, ni ibinyabuzima kama bifite gahunda ya molekuline isanzwe hagati ya solide na fluide. Muri rusange ikoreshwa cyane ryamazi ya kirisiti ya morfologiya ya nematike y'amazi ya kirisiti, imiterere ya molekile kumurongo muremure, ubugari bwa 1 nm kugeza 10 nm, munsi yumuriro wamashanyarazi atandukanye, molekile ya kirisiti ya kirisiti izakora gahunda izunguruka dogere 90, itangaingengabihe yo kohereza urumuri, bityo imbaraga ON / OFF munsi yo gutandukanya urumuri nigicucu, buri pigiseli ukurikije ihame ryo kugenzura, irashobora gukora ishusho.
Ihame ryamazi ya kirisiti yerekana ni kristu yamazi munsi yibikorwa bya voltage zitandukanye bizaba urumuri rwibintu bitandukanye biranga.LCD muri fiziki igabanijwemo ibyiciro bibiri, kimwe ni Passive Passive (izwi kandi nka Passive), kandi ubu bwoko bwa LCD ubwabwo ntibumurika, bukenera isoko yumucyo wo hanze, ukurikije aho isoko yumucyo ihagaze, kandi irashobora kugabanywa mubitekerezo kandi kwanduza ubwoko bubiri.Passive LCD hamwe nigiciro gito, ariko umucyo no gutandukanya ntabwo ari binini, ariko Inguni nziza ni ntoya, nkeya ya Passive LCD yuzuye ibara, bityo ibara ntirimurika bihagije.Ubundi bwoko ni isoko yimbaraga, cyane cyane TFT (Thin FilmTransitor).Buri LCD mubyukuri ni transistor irashobora kumurika, nukuvuga rwose ntabwo LCD.LCD ya ecran igizwe numurongo wa LCD umurongo, muri monochrome LCD yerekana, kirisiti ya kirisiti ni pigiseli, mugihe mubara ryamazi ya kirisiti yerekana buri pigiseli igizwe numutuku, icyatsi nubururu bitatu LCD hamwe.Mugihe kimwe, birashobora gutekerezwa nko inyuma ya buri LCD igitabo 8-biti, kwandikisha indangagaciro bigena umucyo wibice bitatu bya LCD, ariko agaciro kiyandikisha ntigutwara ubwiza bwakazu ka selile eshatu zamazi, ariko na "palette" gusura.Ntabwo bidashoboka kugira igitabo gifatika kuri buri pigiseli.Mubyukuri, umurongo umwe gusa wiyandikishije ufite ibikoresho, bihujwe na buri murongo wa pigiseli hanyuma ugahindura ibikubiye muri uwo murongo.
Amazi ya kirisiti asa kandi yunvikana nkamazi, ariko imiterere ya molekile ya kristaline yitwara nkibikomeye.Nk'ibyuma mumashanyarazi, iyo bikorewe mumashanyarazi yo hanze, molekile ikora neza; Niba gahunda ya molekile igenzuwe neza. , molekile ya kirisiti yamazi izemerera urumuri kunyuramo; Inzira yumucyo inyuze mumazi ya kirisiti irashobora kugenwa nuburyo imitunganyirize ya molekile iyigize, ikindi kintu kiranga ibinini. nka molekile.Muri kamere, amashoka maremare yizi molekile isa ninkoni irasa nkaho igereranijwe.Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) ibanza kwerekana kristu ya Liquid igomba gusukwa hagati yindege ebyiri zometse kumurongo kugirango ikore neza.Ibibanza biri murindege zombi ni perpendicular kuri mugenzi we (dogere 90), ni ukuvuga, niba molekile ziri mu ndege imwe ihujwe n'amajyaruguru-amajyepfo, molekile ku yindi ndege ihuza iburasirazuba-uburengerazuba, na molekile hagati yaindege ebyiri zihatirwa guhindukira kuri dogere 90. Kubera ko urumuri rugenda rwerekeza kuri molekile, narwo ruzunguruka kuri dogere 90 kuko runyuze muri kirisiti y'amazi.Ariko iyo voltage ikoreshejwe kuri kirisiti y'amazi, molekile zongera gutunganya mu buryo buhagaritse, kwemerera urumuri gutembera neza nta kugoreka.Ikintu cya kabiri kiranga LCDS nuko bashingira kuri polarizing ya filteri kandi urumuri rwonyine.Umucyo usanzwe utandukana muburyo bwose.Iyi mirongo ikora urushundura ruhagarika urumuri rwose rutagereranywa niyi mirongo.Akayunguruzo ka polarize ni perpendicular kumurongo wambere, bityo irahagarika burundu urumuri rwa polarize.Gusa gusa niba imirongo yibiyungurura byombi iringaniye rwose, cyangwa niba urumuri ubwacyo rwahinduwe kugirango ruhuze akayunguruzo ka kabiri, urumuri rushobora kwinjira .LCDS igizwe na bibiri nkibi bihagaritse muyungurura, bityo rero mubisanzwe bigomba guhagarika urumuri urwo arirwo rwose rugerageza gucengera.Nyamara, kubera ko filtri zombi zuzuyemo kristu y'amazi yagoramye, nyuma yuko urumuri runyuze muyungurura rwa mbere, ruzunguruka dogere 90 na molekile ya kirisiti ya kirisiti, hanyuma ikanyura muyungurura ya kabiri.Niba kurundi ruhande, ingufu zashyizwe kuri kirisiti y’amazi, molekile zongera kwisubiraho ku buryo urumuri rutakizunguruka, bityo byahagarikwa na filteri ya kabiri.Synaptics TDDI, kurugero, ihuza abashinzwe gukoraho no kwerekana drives muri chip imwe, kugabanya umubare wibigize no koroshya igishushanyo. ClearPad 4291ishyigikira igishushanyo mbonera cya Hybrid cyifashisha urwego rusanzwe rwerekana ibintu bisukuye (LCD), bivanaho gukenera ibyuma bifata ibyuma byifashishwa. ClearPad 4191 itera indi ntera, ikoresha electrode ihari muri LCD, bityo ukagera kuri sisitemu yoroshye. ubwubatsi.Ibisubizo byombi bituma ecran zo gukoraho zoroha kandi zikerekana neza, zifasha kunoza ubwiza rusange bwibikoresho bya terefone na tableti. Kubireba TN (Twisted Nematic) yerekana amazi ya kirisiti, imiterere yayo igizwe nibice bikurikira: akayunguruzo ka polarize, ikirahure, bibiri amatsinda ya electrode yegeranye kandi ikorera mu mucyo, umubiri wa kirisiti yumubiri, electrode, ikirahure, polarize ya filteri no gutekereza.
Igihe cyoherejwe: Nyakanga-13-2019