Niba 2018 ari umwaka wubuhanga bukomeye bwo kwerekana, ntabwo ari ugukabya.Ultra HD 4K ikomeje kuba imyanzuro isanzwe mubikorwa bya TV.Urwego rwo hejuru rufite imbaraga (HDR) ntirukiri ikintu gikomeye gikurikira kuko rumaze gushyirwa mubikorwa.Ni nako bimeze kuri ecran ya terefone, igenda irushaho gusobanuka bitewe niyongerekana ryiyongereye hamwe na pigiseli yuzuye kuri santimetero imwe.
Ariko kubintu byose bishya, dukeneye gusuzuma byimazeyo itandukaniro riri hagati yubwoko bubiri bwerekana.Ubwoko bwombi bwerekana bugaragara kuri monitor, televiziyo, terefone ngendanwa, kamera, ndetse nibindi bikoresho byose byerekana.
Imwe murimwe ni LED (Diode Yumucyo).Nubwoko bukunze kugaragara kumasoko uyumunsi kandi ifite tekinoroji zitandukanye.Ariko, ntushobora kuba umenyereye ubu bwoko bwo kwerekana kuko busa na label ya LCD (Liquid Crystal Display).LED na LCD birasa muburyo bwo kwerekana imikoreshereze.Niba ecran ya "LED" igaragara kuri TV cyangwa terefone, mubyukuri ni ecran ya LCD.Ibigize LED bivuga gusa isoko yumucyo, ntabwo yerekana ubwayo.
Mubyongeyeho, ni OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode), ikoreshwa cyane cyane muri terefone zigendanwa zo mu rwego rwo hejuru nka iPhone X na iPhone XS iherutse gusohoka.
Kugeza ubu, ecran ya OLED igenda buhoro buhoro kuri terefone zo mu rwego rwo hejuru za Android, nka Google Pixel 3, na TV zo mu rwego rwo hejuru nka LG C8.
Ikibazo nuko ubu ari tekinoroji yo kwerekana itandukanye rwose.Abantu bamwe bavuga ko OLED ihagarariye ejo hazaza, ariko mubyukuri biruta LCD?Noneho, nyamuneka kurikiraHejurukubimenya.Hasi, tuzagaragaza itandukaniro riri hagati yuburyo bubiri bwo kwerekana, ibyiza byabo n'amahame y'akazi.
Itandukaniro
Muri make, LED, ecran ya LCD ikoresha amatara yinyuma kugirango imurikire pigiseli zabo, mugihe pigiseli ya OLED mubyukuri irimurika.Ushobora kuba warumvise ko pigiseli ya OLED yitwa "kwiyitaho-kumurika" naho tekinoroji ya LCD "ikwirakwiza".
Umucyo utangwa na OLED yerekana urashobora kugenzurwa na pigiseli.LED y'amazi ya kirisiti yerekana ntishobora kugera kuri ubwo buryo bworoshye, ariko kandi ifite ibibi, aribyoHejuruIntangiriro.
Muri telefone zihenze za televiziyo na LCD, LED yerekana amazi ya kirisiti yerekana gukoresha “amatara yo ku nkombe” aho LED iba iri kuruhande rwerekanwa aho kuba inyuma.Noneho, urumuri ruva muri LED rusohoka binyuze muri matrix, kandi tubona pigiseli zitandukanye nkumutuku, icyatsi, nubururu.
Umucyo
LED, LCD ecran irasa kurusha OLED.Iki nikibazo gikomeye mubikorwa bya TV, cyane cyane kuri terefone zifite ubwenge zikoreshwa hanze, izuba ryinshi.
Ubusanzwe umucyo upimwa ukurikije "nits" kandi ni hafi kumurika rya buji kuri metero kare.Ubusanzwe urumuri rwiza rwa iPhone X hamwe na OLED ni 625 nits, mugihe LG G7 hamwe na LCD irashobora kugera kumurabyo wa nits 1000.Kuri TV, urumuri ruri hejuru cyane: TV ya OLED ya Samsung irashobora kugera kumurabyo urenga 2000 nits.
Umucyo ni ngombwa mugihe ureba ibiri muri videwo mu mucyo cyangwa ku zuba, kimwe no kuri videwo nini cyane.Iyi mikorere irakwiriye cyane kuri TV, ariko nkuko abakora terefone zigendanwa bagenda birata imikorere ya videwo, umucyo nawo ni ngombwa muri iri soko.Urwego rwo hejuru rumurika, niko bigenda bigaragara, ariko kimwe cya kabiri cya HDR.
Itandukaniro
Niba ushize LCD ya ecran mucyumba cyijimye, urashobora kubona ko ibice bimwe byigishusho cyirabura gikomeye bitaba umukara, nkuko itara ryinyuma (cyangwa itara ryimbere) rishobora kugaragara.
Kubasha kubona amatara adakenewe birashobora kugira ingaruka kubitandukanya na TV, ari naryo tandukaniro riri hagati yamurika ryacyo nigicucu cyijimye.Nkumukoresha, ushobora kubona kenshi itandukaniro ryasobanuwe mubicuruzwa byihariye, cyane cyane kuri TV na monitor.Iri tandukaniro ni ukukwereka uburyo ibara ryera rya monite rigereranya nibara ryirabura.Mugaragaza neza LCD ecran irashobora kugira ikigereranyo gitandukanye cya 1000: 1, bivuze ko umweru wikubye inshuro igihumbi kuruta umukara.
Itandukaniro rya OLED yerekana ni hejuru cyane.Iyo ecran ya OLED ihindutse umukara, pigiseli zayo ntizitanga urumuri urwo arirwo rwose.Ibi bivuze ko ubona itandukaniro ritagira imipaka, nubwo isura yayo isa neza bitewe nubucyo bwa LED iyo yaka.
Icyerekezo
OLED paneli ifite inguni nziza zo kureba, cyane cyane ko tekinoroji ari nto cyane na pigiseli yegereye hejuru.Ibi bivuze ko ushobora kuzenguruka TV ya OLED cyangwa ugahagarara mubice bitandukanye byicyumba ukabona ecran neza.Kuri terefone zigendanwa, inguni yo kureba ni ngombwa cyane, kuko terefone ntizaba ihwanye rwose nisura mugihe ikoreshwa.
Inguni yo kureba muri LCD mubusanzwe ikennye, ariko ibi biratandukanye cyane bitewe nubuhanga bwo kwerekana bwakoreshejwe.Hano hari ubwoko bwinshi butandukanye bwa LCD kumasoko.
Ahari ibyibanze cyane ni nematike ihindagurika (TN).Iri koranabuhanga rikunze gukoreshwa muri mudasobwa zo hasi zerekana, mudasobwa zigendanwa zidahenze, hamwe na terefone zihenze cyane.Ibitekerezo byayo mubisanzwe ni bibi.Niba warigeze kubona ko ecran ya mudasobwa isa nigicucu kiva muburyo bumwe, noneho birashoboka ko ari panne nematic panel.
Kubwamahirwe, ibikoresho byinshi bya LCD kuri ubu bikoresha ikibaho cya IPS.IPS (Guhindura Indege) kuri ubu ni umwami wibikoresho bya kirisiti kandi muri rusange itanga amabara meza kandi ikora neza cyane.IPS ikoreshwa muri terefone nyinshi na tableti, umubare munini wa monitor na televiziyo.Birakwiye ko tumenya ko IPS na LED LCD bidatandukanye, gusa ikindi gisubizo.
Ibara
LCD ya ecran ya nyuma itanga amabara meza.Ariko, nkibitekerezo, biterwa nubuhanga bwihariye bwakoreshejwe.
Ibice bya IPS na VA (Vertical Alignment) bitanga amabara meza cyane iyo bihinduwe neza, mugihe ecran ya TN akenshi itagaragara neza.
Ibara rya OLEDs ntabwo rifite iki kibazo, ariko TV za OLED kare na terefone zigendanwa bifite ibibazo byo kugenzura ibara nubudahemuka.Uyu munsi, ibintu byifashe neza, nka Panasonic FZ952 ya seriveri ya OLED ndetse no kuri sitidiyo yo gutanga amabara ya Hollywood.
Ikibazo na OLEDs nubunini bwibara ryabo.Nukuvuga, ibintu byiza bishobora kugira ingaruka kubushobozi bwa panel ya OLED kugirango igumane amabara.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-22-2019